Factores sociodemográficos y gestacionales asociados a bajo peso al nacer, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2018

Abstract

Background. Pregnancy sometimes involves biological, psychological and social complications. Children at birth have alterations as low weight (less than 2500g). Intervened factors: sociodemographic, and gestational. Objective. Determine the socio-demographic and gestational factors associated with low birth weight, Hospital "Vicente Corral Moscoso". Cuenca, 2018. Methodology. A descriptive cross - sectional methodology was carried out, with a representative sample of 277 mothers and their newborns, in the Hospital "Vicente Corral Moscoso", July - August of the city of Cuenca. For the evaluation of risk factors, a survey with sociodemographic and gestational data was applied, for the socio-economic level the INEC survey was used and for the evaluation of the weight of the newborn, weight and height were taken applying the respective protocol. Results. Of 277 mothers attended in the "Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso", they have an average of 20-35 years, from Cuenca with 79.42%; residents in an urban area 71.48%; average socioeconomic group under 50.18% and under 49.82%; type of parity, multiparous (65.3%). Among the factors that are associated with the low weight of the newborn, is the: preeclampsia (6 cases) represented with 2,17%; thus also the 37th week of gestation of the mother, where we have represented (9 cases) with 3,25%; Poor weight gain on the part of the mother (8 cases) with 2,89%. Conclusions. Sociodemographic and gestational factors if associated with the low weight of the newborn; the main ones are complications, weeks of pregnancy, the weight gain of the mother