Prevalencia de los genotipos del papiloma virus humano en muestras cérvicouterinas y su relación con los factores de riesgo en mujeres con vida sexual activa de los cantones Santa Isabel, Girón, Ponce Enríquez, San Fernando, Pucará, de la Provincia del Azuay 2013-2014

Abstract

OBJECTIVES The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of human papillomavirus virus (HPV) with high and low genotypes oncogenic risk and its relationship with risk factors in women living in the cantons Santa Isabel, Girón, Ponce Enríquez, San Fernando, Pucara of the Province of Azuay.

MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study was conducted, the study sample was randomly selected. The identification of genotypes was performed PCR assay in real time, in the laboratory of Molecular Biology, in the Faculty of Medical Sciences at the University of Cuenca and by the Pap test performed by doctors of health centers cervix status was assessed.

RESULTS HPV prevalence was 23.4%; genotypes high oncogenic risk identified were: 66, 16, 68, 35, 39, 58, 59, 31, 53, 56, 18, 26, 33, 45, 52, 73 and 82; and low risk: 54, 6, 40, 43, 44 and 61. These prevalences were more frequent in the group of 20-29 years and 30 - 39 years. Just 4.2% of the study population have viral genotypes present in the vaccine (Gardasil and Cervarix) that the MInisterio de Salud Publica is implemented in the country. No statistically significant risk factors were found, probably due to the small sample size since the research was done on only 5 of the 14 counties in the province of Azuay