Efectos de la ansiedad precompetitiva y estado de ánimo en judocas. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

Precompetitive anxiety and human mood have been studied extensively in sport psychology. However, there is a shortage of studies carried out in combat sports, especially in judo. The objective of this research was to analyze the main bibliographic sources on the profile of human mood and precompetitive anxiety in judo players. It was carried out a systematic analysis of the literature research published in the databases Dialnet, Scielo, Redalyc, Scopus, Journal of Sport and Health Research, in digital magazines such as “EF Deportes”, “Revista de Artes Marciales” and “Revista de Psicología Deportiva”. The research criteria were the descriptor “anxiety in judo players”, “human mood in judo players” and its translation into English. 11 scientific articles were collected developed between 2000 and 2019. Different theories were identified that relate precompetitive anxiety to sports performance, as well as the use of the iceberg profile concept to name the optimal human mood of an athlete. Revised articles were grouped into three categories for better understanding, the first corresponding to the definition of precompetitive anxiety, of which two subscales called somatic anxiety and cognitive anxiety are prolonged. The second category that involved the concept of human mood and a third that included all those studies that were carried out using instruments or questionnaires that allowed the measurement of the variables anxiety and human mood. Precompetitive anxiety and human mood are factors that influence sports performance positively or negatively. When the athlete is able to use that anxiety in his favor and achieve favorable results, there is talk of a positive effect on sports performance; usually it occurs with the most experienced athletes. By the count, whether anxiety or human mood negatively influences the athlete causing either negative thoughts or physical signs of anxiety such as sweating, tremors, etc. the effects of these variables on performance will cause a low performance that can even trigger in sports abandonment. Although, everything depends on the form of evaluation (subjective or objective) that is given to performance as well as the ability of the athlete to face these variables either before, during or after a fight or training