Prevalencia de bacterias productoras de beta-lactamasas en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso periodo enero-diciembre del 2014

Abstract

Background: the adaptation of bacteria to antibiotic treatments has been improving to the point of reaching exhibit resistance to more aggressive treatments, this is due to the constant evolution that have suffered these with the emergence of new species by mechanisms such as conjugation or transmission of plasmids, with the production of different types of beta-lactamases, these new features have enabled them to improve their ability to evade the mechanisms of drug action. Objective: to establish the prevalence of bacteria producing beta-lactamases at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital during the period from January to December 2014, Cuenca - Ecuador. Methodology: Type of study: a descriptive study, we were conducted observational; Universe and Sample: Medical records of all patients treated at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, which had been carried out with culture and sensitivity report beta-lactamase production during the period January to December 2014; Data collection method: observation and review of medical records that were recorded in the data collection form; Tabulation and analysis of the results: All data were tabulated and processed in SPSS version 15.0 software, developed simple tables, compound. Results: from a total of 160 isolated bacteria, the prevalence of beta-lactamase-producing bacteria was 13.1%, 74.4%, 12.5%. to BLEA, ESBL and carbapenemases respectively. Female sex was the most affected by ESBL-producing bacteria, and carbapenemases, but the male was the most affected by ESBL-producing bacteria. E. coli accounts for 74.79% of ESBL producing bacteria, Klebsiella pneumoniae represetando the 50% of all carbapenemases producing bacteria. The analysis of mortality is observed that increasing the resistance increases the risk of mortality: BLEA 5% ESBL 15% and 25% carbapenemase