Factores de riesgo de hipertensión arterial, en pacientes de 40 a 65 años que asisten al centro de salud “El Cebollar”, 2023-2024

Abstract

The World Health Organization (WHO) indicates that arterial hypertension is the leading cause of cardiovascular disease, stroke, and premature death worldwide, and it is influenced by the quality of life conditions in individuals, specifically in adults. The epidemiological profile of our country specifies it as one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality. This research was carried out with the purpose of identifying the risk factors for arterial hypertension in patients aged 40 to 65 attending the "El Cebollar" health center during the period 2023-2024. A study was implemented, where the case group consisted of 148 patients diagnosed with arterial hypertension, treated at the same health center. The results revealed significant differences in terms of gender and age (p > 0.01), indicating that both men and women could be susceptible to developing hypertension. The prevalence of arterial hypertension was 27% in individuals aged 40 to 45 years in females, with a rate of 60%. 66.2% of the surveyed individuals are married. 64.2% of the sample has some family history of arterial hypertension as a pathological background. The perception of normal salt consumption in meals is associated as a protective factor for hypertension. There is a statistically significant association between physical activity and hypertension (p > 0.01). Smoking and alcoholism are statistically significant risk factors (p > 0.01).