Efectos del ajedrez en el rendimiento académico, creatividad y memoria general en estudiantes adolescentes

Abstract

This research project had as objective to analyze the effects of chess teaching programs on adolescent students between the age of 13 and 18 years by means of a bibliographical review, which describe academic performance, creativity and general memory. The methodology applied was a qualitative systematic review with a descriptive observational design (without a statistical analysis). A bibliographical investigation of articles published between January 2010 and August 2020 was carried out in the following digital sources: EBSCO HOST “SPORTDiscus”, ProQuest, the Network of Open Source Repositories of Ecuador (RRAAE) and Google Scholar. A total of 82 articles were found within this period of time, of which 9 met the eligibility or inclusion criteria. The published articles show that after comparing the experimental group with the control group of adolescents, learning chess helps these adolescents improve among others their cognitive and metacognitive skills, their coping mechanism, their mathematical problem solving skills and their socio-personal development. However, with regard to the research variables creativity and general memory, no psychometric checks or tests were identified to support them, which clearly shows a lack of instruments to validate research linked or associated with chess. As for the academic performance, no significant differences were found between the experimental and the control groups