Conocimientos sobre Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2 y adherencia al tratamiento en pacientes del Centro de Salud de Totoracocha, Cuenca-Ecuador 2021

Abstract

Background: type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2) is an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Various social, economic and cultural factors are involved in its presentation and high frequency. Over time, this pathology has been investigated and important advances have been made in diagnosis and treatment, however there are still deficiencies in its management, especially related to its prevention and promotion.

Objectives: to determine the level of knowledge and adherence to treatment on Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in patients of the Totoracocha Health Center.

Method: this study is analytical, cross-sectional and retrospective. The Diabetes Knowledge Questionarie "DKQ 24" and Morisky test "MMAS-8" questionnaires were applied to evidence knowledge and adherence to treatment, respectively. The tabulation of the information was carried out in the programs IBM SPSS and Microsoft Excel. The data were interpreted with percentage values and frequencies, in addition, a bivariate analysis was performed using the chi square test, establishing a statistical dependence with a p value <0.05.

Results: the majority of the population were men (60%) with a mean age of 51.59 years (SD±13.47) of mestizo ethnicity (98.3%), with a high school education (45%), residents from an urban area (76.7%) with a merchant occupation (32.5%) and with a monthly income of 1 unified basic salary (UBS) (48.3%). The majority of the ivestigated population reached a result corresponding to an intermediate level of knowledge (60.8%), and they were also characterized by low adherence to treatment (49.2%). A statistically significant relationship was also observed between adherence to treatment and knowledge of the disease (X2=13.576; p-value=0.004) and between adherence to treatment and instruction (X2=9.519; p-value=0.002).