Impactos sociales y económicos del Proyecto Hidroeléctrico Mazar en la comunidad de Amaluza (2010-2020)

Abstract

The production and distribution of energy is one of the main problems in the world today. For this reason, his generation has led to several changes in various fields. This has generated great impacts on the environment and the development of human communities. From this perspective, the present research project aims to know the economic and social impacts that the Mazar Hydroelectric Project has generated in the Amaluza parish, due to its proximity to it, for which, we have considered the following study categories: employment, public investment in infrastructure, social organizations and education in the sector. To achieve this objective, three techniques were used: first, the documentary review, which allowed us to know the situation before and after 2010. On the other hand, the ethnographic technique, with which the reality of the population was known in the year 2020, and finally, the cartographic, that the georeferencing that allowed us to map the sectors benefited by compensation programs implemented in the sector as a result of the construction of the dam. From this, we have been able to glimpse notable differences in terms of the benefits or affectations that each of the studied towns have received. It is important to mention that, these positive and negative impacts are conditioned by the geographic and demographic size, and the centrality or “importance” of each sector. In this way, we have contrasted the social and economic dynamics of the population around this megaproject.