Valores hematológicos y bioquímicos, y su asociación con el estado nutricional, en escolares urbanos. Cuenca

Abstract

Objective: To determine the hematological and biochemical values and its association with nutritional status in urban schoolchildren from Cuenca. Materials and methods: It is an analytical cross-sectional study; it has a randomized cluster sample of 585 school children between 5 and 12 years of urban schools in Cuenca during the period 2012-2013. The nutritional status was determined using growth curves for children and adolescents (z-score), body mass index by age and sex according to the recommendations of the World Health Organization; and with the values of hematological and biochemical practiced, the laboratory results and nutritional status were related. Results: The average population age was 8.87 ± 1.9 years; hematological average values: 4.82 ± 0.31 red blood cells x 106/ml; white blood cells 7.15 ± 1.86 x 103/ml; hemoglobin 13.66 ± 1.34 g / dL; hematocrit 40.59 ± 3.92%; mean corpuscular volume (MCV) 83.64 ± 4.03fl; mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 38.31 ± 1.27pg. Average biochemical values: total protein 6.92 ± 1.04g/ dL, serum albumin 4.37 ± 0.7g / dL, serum iron 87.40 ± 35.31μg / dL. The 19.3% presented malnutrition (malnutrition 1.2%, 12.8% overweight and obesity 5.3%), there was a statistically significant association (p <0.05) with red blood cells. There were statistically significant differences between boys and girls in iron values, MCV and MCH; and for malnutrition, serum iron, red blood cells, white blood cells, hematocrit, and MCV. Conclusions: There was association between nutritional status and hematologic and biochemical values. A high prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban school population of Cuenca was determined, similar to the reported in other studies.