Frecuencia de complicaciones postoperatorias de la colecistectomía laparoscópica en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, 2018 - 2020

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is the definitive surgical procedure for bile duct pathology, 95% due to cholelithiasis. The advantages of laparoscopic surgery compared to conventional surgery are numerous, but they have complications that put the patient's life at risk, requiring conventional surgery. In Mexico, 571 patients studied 1.04% presented postoperative complications, with infection at the surgical site being the most frequent. In Guayaquil, 21.7% of 640 patients presented postoperative complications. Objective: To determine the frequency of postoperative complications in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital in a period between 2018 and 2020. Method and materials: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, a retrospective review of patients with a history of laparoscopic cholecystectomy who attended the José Carrasco Arteaga Specialty Hospital in the 2018-2020 period. Being diagnosed with a postoperative complication, the information was obtained and recorded in a data collection form validated and authorized by the authors. Results: 616 patients were studied, 50 patients presented complications after laparoscopic cholecystectomy corresponding to 8.1% of cases, 56.8% corresponding to female sex and 43.2% to male sex, the previous frequent diagnosis was cholelithiasis with 48%, acute pancreatitis was the most prevalent post-surgical complication with 20%. Conclusion: Nutritional status represents a risk factor in patients with biliary pathology, it was evidenced that overweight and obesity are prone to postoperative complications.