Roles y estereotipos de género en los cuidadores formales e informales en niños y niñas y adolescentes relacionados con los hábitos de salud en la ciudad de Cuenca. 2016

Abstract

Background: Gender roles and stereotypes that children acquire and internalize in gender socialization influence gender inequalities in health (1). Objective: To identify roles and stereotypes in formal and informal caregivers in NNA related to health habits in the city of Cuenca. METHODS AND TECHNIQUES: A qualitative, phenomenological study was carried out. The population was the caregivers, professional or not, of children in the child development centers, schools, colleges and universities of the city. The sample consisted of 35 caregivers. There were 20 in-depth interviews, 2 discussion groups and 5 non-participatory observations. Using the Atlas-ti software, the information was analyzed, identifying the relevant content, according to predefined and emerging categories for the objectives of the study. Results: Caregivers relate women to caregiving roles; food is linked to the stereotype of thin-figure female beauty and less physical activity to maintain a slender body. The double standard regarding sexuality is maintained. Men engage in increased physical activity through distraction and increased food consumption to maintain a stereotype of strength. There are references from a society in transition where men and women are changing traditional roles and stereotypes. Conclusion: NNA caregivers refer to gender roles and stereotypes that can influence health habits, perpetuating gender inequalities in health.