Satisfacción de necesidades humanas según la pirámide de Abraham Maslow de las personas adultas mayores de la parroquia Llacao, cantón Cuenca; Año 2024. Un abordaje desde trabajo social

Abstract

Older adults experience biological, physical, and social changes that affect the fulfillment of their needs and their ability to achieve active aging. The study “Satisfaction of Human Needs According to Maslow’s Pyramid in Older Adults of Llacao Parish, Cuenca (2024)”, from a Social Work perspective, analyzes the level of satisfaction within this population group. The approach is quantitative and descriptive, based on surveys conducted with 224 older adults aged 65 and over in Llacao. The five dimensions of Maslow’s hierarchy were evaluated, and the data was processed using SPSS software. Based on the findings, social intervention strategies were designed to strengthen the policies of the Decentralized Autonomous Government of the parish. The results indicate that 152 individuals have a medium level of satisfaction, with partially covered physiological and safety needs but deficiencies in adapted housing, specialized healthcare, and mobility. 15 individuals show low levels of satisfaction, lacking essential elements such as housing and medical care. In contrast, 57 individuals achieve an optimal level of satisfaction, although they face challenges in social integration and self-actualization. The study highlights inequalities in meeting basic needs, revealing challenges in access to essential services and dignified living conditions. The proposed strategies aim to improve the quality of life of older adults and ensure their rights from a Social Work perspective.