Determinación del metabolito tóxico aflatoxina M1 en leches cruda, pasteurizada y ultrapasteurizada consumidas en la ciudad de Cuenca mediante la técnica de cromatografía líquida de alta resolución (HPLC)

Abstract

Aflatoxins are very powerful and immunosuppressive toxic metabolites carcinogenic, teratogenic, mutagenic, hepatotoxic, which constitute a potential health risk to humans, so it should be considered as a potential problem that needs to be continually reviewed in order to ensure the quality of food. This study was conducted to quantitatively determine the content of aflatoxin M1 in three types of raw milk, pasteurized and ultra-pasteurized consumed in the city of Cuenca, by the technique of high performance liquid chromatography HPLC resolution, following an extraction process immunoaffinity columns. Analyzing 84 samples in total, it was made for each kind of milk two corresponding samples each in different production batches, three samples per lot, ie six samples by mark in the case of whole and skimmed milk were carried out UHT and two samples in the case of whole milk pasteurized and raw milk. , Giving a prevalence of 19% - 16 positive samples that were between the detection limit and quantification (0.18 ppb 0.09) were found. AFM1 values were lower than that permitted by current national regulations INEN 9-10 (0.5 ppb) and internationally by the FDA (0.5 ppb) concentration; therefore, the concentration of AFM1 in milk analyzed by the technique of high performance liquid chromatography HPLC resolution does not contain levels that constitute a danger to the health of the consumer population.