La historieta como herramienta para el aprendizaje significativo de la Historia, en tercero de bachillerato

Abstract

At present, achieving meaningful learning in the teaching of history presents several difficulties when the traditional teaching method is maintained. This approach, instead of motivating students, reduces historical facts to a simple memorization exercise. Therefore, it becomes essential to seek new ways of approaching the subject, where the choice of materials and teaching strategies favor a critical understanding of the past. From this perspective, the comic strip is considered an innovative resource, since it offers an alternative way of teaching history by combining text and image. In this context, the present work proposes the elaboration of an educational cartoon as a didactic resource, which revolves around the study of women from Cuenca between 1777 and 1800, highlighting their spaces and activities according to their condition and ethnic origin: Creole, indigenous, mestizo and black slaves. In addition, this initiative seeks to contribute to the rescue of local history and to visualize social actors in contexts that are usually treated in a very general way in the official account of the history text. The research was developed from a qualitative approach, of a descriptive documentary type, through a systematic bibliographic review and critical analysis of historical sources, which allowed the construction of theoretical and historical frameworks. As a result, a didactic proposal was designed that includes a planning and activities oriented to the development of historical thinking and meaningful learning in third year high school students, through the use of the cartoon as an educational material.