Oxigenoterapia de alto flujo en pacientes críticos con insuficiencia respiratoria aguda, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2019

Abstract

Background: approximately 40% of critically ill patients are admitted for acute respiratory failure (ARF) and require high concentrations of oxygen to maintain stable vital functions. Currently, high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) has shown to decrease the need for mechanical ventilation. General objective: to describe the use of HFNC in critically ill patients with ARF, admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) and intermediate care units of the “Vicente Corral Moscoso” Hospital, in a period of six months, 2019. Methodology: a descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out, which includes reports of 45 critically ill patients with ARF, admitted to the ICU and intermediate patients, who used HFNC for a time greater than 24 hours. The data was tabulated and analyzed in SPSS version 25, using frequency distribution, measures of central tendency (mean) and dispersion (standard deviation). Results: a male predominance was found with 55,6%, with a middle age of 49,04 years, chronic lung disease (COPD) as a pathological antecedent with 22,2%, the main cause of admission was ARF with 84,4%, 91,1% presented a degree of severe ARF, a 6,7% of the patients were intubated prior to the use HFNC and after the use of high flow, the 4,4% required mechanical ventilation. Conclusion: most of the patients presented a lower need for mechanical ventilation compared to the high percentage that presented severe ARF and with adequate tolerance levels to highflow oxygenation.