Microorganismos más comunes hallados en cultivos y su sensibilidad antibiótica, en el área de clínica del Hospital General Homero Castanier Crespo, en los años 2018-2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Studying the microorganisms associated with infections and how to combat them by knowing their antibiotic sensitivity, is an important aspect within the research field for the improvement of medical care and to reduce morbidity and death from these causes. OBJECTIVE: To identify the most common microorganisms found in cultures and their antibiotic sensitivity, in the clinical area of the Hospital General Homero Castanier Crespo, in the years 2018-2020. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out, with 336 patients who had cultures taken during the period 2018-2020, in the Homero Castanier Crespo General Hospital. The data were collected in a form prepared for this research and analyzed with the statistical package SPSS v 22 by percentages and frequencies. RESULTS: There was a predominance of women (60.7%), and of the age group between 18 and 64 years (58.6%), although 41.4% were older adults. The majority were of the mestizo ethnicity (97.9%). 52.4% of the microorganisms detected were found in the urocultures (urine). Also, the respiratory tract and its secretions, as well as the soft tissues and blood cultures reflected significant percentages of infection by both Gram-bacteria, which were the predominant. Coprocultures showed very low levels of infection. CONCLUSIONS: The most frequent microorganism was Escherichia coli. Gram+ bacterial strains such as Staphylococcus aureus were shown to be very sensitive to Linezolid and Levofloxacin, while Gram- lo bacterial strains were mainly to Amikacina, Gentamicina, Imipenem and Meropenem.