Determinar los efectos de la hipoxia en el rendimiento físico en atletas de diferentes disciplinas de atletismo

Abstract

At present, there is a growing interest in describing the physiological conditions that change or improve during training at high altitudes. As a result, it has led to specific areas of research, where multiple benefits have been observed, including improvements in athletic performance. The objective of this work is to determine the effects of hypoxia on physical performance with a focus on the discipline of athletics. The methodology applied in the present work is a bibliographic review, it is based on articles subtracted from scientific research works and theoretical bases of training in hypoxia that are consulted from bibliographic digital bases such as Google academic, 1Library Dialnet, Springer Link and DOAJ, to In the search for articles, Boolean operators will be used covering related terms such as: hypoxic training, athletics, physical performance, training in altitude, the articles will be transferred to the Mendeley software to point out important points and make a synthesis, after the bibliographic investigation it will be carried out a summary table of the works used for this topic. The results collected from scientific works show that, training in a hypoxic environment, athletes will have acute and important adaptations at the musculoskeletal, cardiovascular and metabolic level, reaching the conclusion that it will lead to an improvement in sports performance; Since, the body's metabolism adapts to greater efforts to increase: the heart rate, improves the mechanism of red blood cell production, increases oxygen transport, lactic acid accumulates in greater quantities when exposed to a hypoxic state, reducing alveolar CO2 and increasing blood volume in the capillaries of the lungs