Conocimientos y prácticas sobre lactancia exclusiva en madres de niños de 0 a 6 meses que acuden al Hospital Básico de Paute, Paute, 2025-2026

Abstract

Background: Exclusive breastfeeding (EBF) is essential for infant health and development; however, its practice remains suboptimal in Ecuador. Factors such as educational level, cultural beliefs, and access to adequate information significantly influence its adherence. General Objective: To determine the knowledge and practices regarding exclusive breastfeeding among mothers of children aged 0 to 6 months who attend the Hospital Básico de Paute. Methodology: A quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study was conducted with 50 mothers using a structured questionnaire with three sections: sociodemographic data, knowledge, and practices regarding EBF. Data were analyzed using frequencies and percentages in SPSS 24.0. Results: The mean age of the participants was 29.32 ± 7.3 years; 64% lived in rural areas, 56% had a high school education, and 70% were homemakers. A high level of knowledge was identified in 78% of the mothers, while 62% demonstrated adequate practices. Gaps persisted in aspects related to the recommended duration, contraindications, and breastfeeding technique. Conclusions: A high level of knowledge and adequate practices regarding EBF were identified; however, it is necessary to strengthen prenatal education and professional support to optimize breastfeeding technique and ensure continued breastfeeding.