Financiación pública en innovación y sus efectos en el desempeño innovador y económico de las empresas privadas de los sectores: manufactura y servicios. Evidencia empírica Ecuador 2009-2014

Abstract

Innovation, a good that allows to create competitiveness and long-term market survival, has become a priority issue in developed and emerging economies. However, the market supplier of this good presents failures, having as a consequence that private revenues are lower than the expected ones. Thus, the participation of the state may offer support and incentives for activities related to research, development and innovation. Nevertheless, state interventions could lead to not expected results, being necessary to evaluate this effect. The present study evaluates how public financing stimulates investment on innovation; evaluates activities related to endogenous and exogenous innovation. Furthermore, the research analyzes activities related to endogenous and exogenous innovation and the innovative and economic performance of Ecuadorian private companies working on the field of services and manufacturing. The methodology to evaluate the effects of public funding is through instrumental variables in two steps, employing data from the Survey of Innovation Activities. The results evidence positive effects of public funds on the investment in innovation of the companies. Besides, the impact of the public intervention promotes exogenous innovation activities. Regarding the effect on the ability to generate productivity, and innovate products and processes, the results differ in relation to the period. Finally, at the sector level, there are heterogeneous results according to the sector to which the company belongs.