Prevalencia de infecciones del sitio operatorio en pacientes post apendicectomizados previa profilaxis antibiótica. Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, período 2019

Abstract

Background: appendicitis is an acute inflammatory disease that generates obstruction and subsequent deficit of the blood supply of the vermicular appendix, which can lead to a complication such as perforation, this fact increases the risk of surgical site infection as it is classified as a dirty wound, for what an immediate diagnosis reduces the morbidity and mortality of the patient. Objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with surgical site infections after antibiotic prophylaxis in appendectomies performed at the Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, period January - December 2019. Methodology: analytical, observational, cross-sectional study in 250 patients who were appendectomized at the Homero Castanier Crespo hospital, Azogues. With prior permission from the Hospital, information was collected through a technical sheet. Results: A prevalence of 8% of SSI was found in a population. Chi-square values were obtained (5.7712) and a significant p of 0.016; thus, obtaining the prevalence ratio of 2.921922 (95% CI 1.160664-7.35581) of the variable appendicitis phase and type of surgery, finding a Chi-square value of 5.7712, significant p of 0.0163 and prevalence ratio of 0.124542 (95% CI: 0.047069-0.32953). Chi-square 1.7368 and p of 0.1875 were obtained from the age variable. Conclusions: A statistically significant association was found between the appendicitis phase and type. Furthermore, we reject the working hypothesis and accept the null hypothesis, which is: the prevalence of surgical site infections is not higher in older patients with comorbidities after antibiotic prophylaxis.