La funcionalidad familiar: análisis de la adaptabilidad y cohesión familiar con hijos adolescentes del colegio de bachillerato Benigno Malo durante el periodo 2022-2023

Abstract

The formation of the adolescent turns out to be a complex process in which a wide range of psycho-socio-familiar factors influence, for many of the parents it is seen as a difficult time where the construction of identity and achieving independence are main characteristics, despite the influence of several factors, the family is a leading factor for the comprehensive development of its members, its adaptability and cohesion are key to generating autonomy, self-esteem, self-concept allowing it to be a protective factor against risk behaviors at this stage. This quantitative research is descriptive with a cross-sectional design, its main objective was to analyze the functionality, adaptability and family cohesion with adolescent children of the Benigno Malo high school during the period 2022-2023; with a total sample of 228 adolescents. The instruments applied are: the FF-SIL by Ortega de la Cuesta & Días C., (1999) to identify the most prevalent degrees of family functionality and the FACES III designed by Olson & Cols, (1979) which allows measuring the family cohesion and adaptability accompanied by a demographic file. It is recorded that 50.4% represents a functional family, but; With the FACES III analysis, we found families with agglutinated cohesion (50.9%) and chaotic adaptability (48.7%). Also, it was discovered that they present difficulties in communication. Therefore, it is concluded that cohesion, adaptability and communication are important factors within family dynamics, since these must be reflected throughout the stages of the life cycle.