Análisis del comportamiento hidráulico en la red de drenaje pluvial, implementando sistemas urbanos de drenaje sostenible, en el sector de la Universidad del Azuay-Cuenca

Abstract

Urban development creates new areas intended to improve the quality of life of citizens and, accordingly, replaces natural areas with impermeable areas, limiting processes of the hydrological cycle of water, as a consequence, it produces greater volumes of surface runoff and, being in contact with the city, it necessarily requires being evacuated through drainage networks artificially and, in many cases, it is unable to operate correctly. In the present work, the hydraulic behavior of the storm drainage network is analyzed, in the sector of the University of Azuay, before implementing sustainable urban drainage systems. For this, a hydrological-hydraulic model was developed in the SWMM 5.2 software. Subsequently, rehabilitation measures are implemented in three different scenarios, starting from a scenario 0, where the inability of the network is evident in the event of a design rain with a return period of 10 years. In scenario 1, up to three rain barrels are incorporated for each home. In scenario 2, bioretention cells are proposed on the edges of the roads. Finally, as scenario 3, permeable pavements are added in patios and parking lots throughout the study area. The results are emphasized in the main collectors of 24 de Mayo Avenue, which are shown to be incapable of evacuating the design rain. The three proposed systems, working in parallel, reduce the peak surface runoff by 61%, benefiting the main collectors to meet hydraulic operability criteria according to regulations.