Expresión tisular de proteínas reparadoras del sistema microsatelital y su distribucion de acuerdo a factores pronósticos en cáncer colorrectal en SOLCA-Cuenca 2004-2014

Abstract

Globally, colorectal cancer is the third most common neoplasm in men and the second in women. Its occurrence is related to factors dependent on the patient and molecular alterations. The identification of the pathways of tumorogenesis, allows us to subclassify patients and protocolize treatments. Microsatellite instability is one such path; Is present in 15% to 20% in colorectal carcinoma and its presence is associated with a better prognosis. Objective: To determine the frequency of tissue expression of reparative proteins of the microsatellite system and their distribution according to prognostic factors in biopsies of patients with colorectal cancer attended at the Solca-Cuenca Cancer Institute during the period 2004-2014. Method: It is a cross-sectional, analytical study. Results: We studied 240 patients with colorectal cancer. 37.9% were men and 62.1% were women. The mean age was 66.2 years. The 58.75% (n = 141) had colon location. A lack of protein expression was observed in 24.2% (58 patients). As for proteins, 68.96% (40 cases) were MLH1 / PMS2; 1.72% (1 case) MSH2 / MSH6. Of the cases that did not express the proteins, 87.93% were located in the colon; 79.3% were adenocarcinoma; 58.6% were moderate grade and 37.9% were stage II. In the bivariate analysis, a statistically significant association was established between microsatellite instability with tumor localization (OR 7.4, CI 3.2-17) and degree of differentiation (OR 2.8, CI 1.5-5.4)