Prevalencia de infección en herniorrafia y hernioplastia. Factores asociados. Hospital “José Carrasco Arteaga”, Cuenca 2016-2018

Abstract

Background: infection of the surgical site is one of the most frequent complications in the operated patient, despite the continuous improvement of the technique and antibiotic prophylaxis. It represents 38% of all nosocomial infections, increases hospital stay, increases morbidity, mortality, and increases costs per patient. Objective: to determine the prevalence of infection of the surgical site by herniorrhaphy and hernioplasty, and associated factors in patients treated at the "Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga", Cuenca, 2016-2018. Method: an analytical, cross-sectional, retrospective investigation was carried out, based on 203 medical records of patients who underwent surgical hernia repair, in the period from January 2016 to December 2018. Analysis was performed with Pearson's non-parametric Chi-square statistic. To determine the association of risk factors, the Odds Ratio measure with a 95% CI and values> 1 was used. Statistical significance was established with the value <0.05. Results: the prevalence of surgical site infection was 8.9%, and a statistically significant association was found with factors such as hernia type (OR: 3.57 p = 0.046) and use of drains (OR: 3.2 p = 0.026) Factors such as smoking, diabetes, hypertension, immunosuppression, an ASA II and III index and the use of prosthetic material were ruled out Conclusions: The infection of the surgical site is high (8.9%) compared to other services in the region and is associated with factors specific to surgical management such as type of hernia and use of drains.