Percepción sobre la estructura y dinámica familiar de las personas diagnosticadas con VIH en la ciudad de Azogues en el año 2024

Abstract

This study explores the perception of family structure and dynamics among individuals diagnosed with HIV who are receiving antiretroviral treatment in the city of Azogues during 2024. Its main objective is to understand how these individuals perceive changes in their family structure and dynamics after disclosing their diagnosis. A qualitative approach with a phenomenological design was employed. Data collection involved in-depth interviews with seven HIV-positive patients receiving care at the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital. The analysis was conducted using Atlas.Ti software. The findings indicate that the diagnosis elicits a range of reactions within families, from emotional support and strengthened bonds to distancing and rejection. However, in most cases, the family environment was found to be positive. The study concludes that family responses are diverse, with many successfully establishing healthy alliances, roles, and boundaries that prevent the exclusion of the individual living with HIV. Nevertheless, instances of discrimination persist, both from family members and healthcare providers. This highlights the need for psychoeducational and psychosocial interventions aimed at reducing stigma, promoting acceptance, and improving the quality of life for people with HIV and their families. Additionally, it is noteworthy that younger generations tend to exhibit more adaptive and supportive responses.