Frecuencia de lesiones vulvoperineales de origen obstétrico sin episiotomía y características de gestantes, atendidas en el Hospital "José Carrasco Arteaga" Cuenca 2017.

Abstract

BACKGROUND Perineal tear or perineal trauma is the most common complication reported during labor and birth.According to studies,1 to 8% of women experience severe perineal trauma after vaginal. The frequency of injury differs depending on the type of delivery, fetal weight,parity,need for episiotomy,maternal,age, etc., (4). OVERALL GOAL Identify the prevalence of major vulvoperineallesions and characteristics of pregnant women that were not performed episiotomy,serverd at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital (HJCA), January-December 2017. METHODOLOGY: Crosscutting quantitative study of a universe of 301 women whose births were cared for in the HJCA.The information was collected from the medical history usingforms with data concerning: demographics and gynecology obstetric history .The data obtained were analyzed in the SPSS 25 statistical package and the results were presented in single and double-input tables. RESULTS: A frequency of tears of 48.3% was determined, the most common being grade 1, , in 73.4% of cases. Its frequency is higher between the ages of 26 to 35 (46.5%), multiparity (52.6%), when the neonate is large for its gestational age (71.4%) and its cephalic perimeter is greater than 34cm (50.3%). CONCLUSION: The presence of vulvoperineal lesions was common in patients aged 26 to 35 years, , multi-parades, with intergenesic periods between 2 and 5 years, induced births, anemia in the mother and end-of-term neonates with cephalic perimeters more than 34 cm. KEY WORD : Vaginal delivery..Vulvoperineal tears. Episiotomy. Risk factors.