Frecuencia de retraso en el neurodesarrollo en niños y niñas menores de 5 años ingresados en el área de pediatría del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2021

Abstract

BACKGROUND: One out of 4 children has lived the experience of being hospitalized at an early age, where processes of great importance for their development are fulfilled, thus the need to follow up on the neurodevelopment of hospitalized children in order to intervene in a timely manner if any risk factor is detected.

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: To determine the frequency of neurodevelopmental delays in children under 5 years of age admitted to the pediatric area of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. METHODOLOGY: Quantitative, descriptive retrospective study with data from the developmental evaluation of children aged 0 to 5 years who were admitted to the Pediatrics area of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital (September 2019-February 2020), the EDI Child Development Test was applied. The variables of age, sex, diagnosis, weight, height, head circumference, risk factors and psychomotor development were collected. The SPSS 26.0 program was used for tabulation and analysis using frequencies, percentages, distribution and central tendency measures.

RESULTS: The present study was carried out with a sample of 107 boys and girls; 59.8% corresponded to the male sex and 40.2% to the female sex; it was also found that the most frequent clinical admission was respiratory alterations with 51.4%. According to the results obtained, 42.1% presented normal psychomotor development; 31.8% were alert and 26.2% were delayed in their development.