Caracterización y tratamiento quirúrgico del trauma de abdomen en pacientes atendidos en el Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, período 2018 – 2020

Abstract

The abdominal trauma injuries are the most common surgical pathology in the hospital emergency services worldwide, revealing high rates of morbidity and mortality, especially when organs such as liver or spleen are involved.

Objective: to identify characteristics and surgical treatment of abdominal trauma in patients seen at Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital, during the period 2018 - 2020.

Method and Materials: descriptive, retrospective study, the study population is made up of medical records of patients over fifteen years of age treated for abdominal trauma in surgery service and their consequent surgical treatment at the Hospital General Homero Castanier Crespo. The data was collected in a validated form and processed with the statistical program SPSS v25. For the statistical analysis, measures of central tendency, frequencies and percentages, the results present by means of simple tables and contingency tables.

Results: The study was conducted with 30 patients, with a higher frequency (53.3%) of young adults; average age 31.6 ±15.3 years; affecting mainly men; 30% residents in the city of Azogues. Blunt trauma, 70%; main cause traffic accidents, 50%. The liver and small intestine were the most affected organs in closed trauma, 33.3% and 13.3% respectively, while in open trauma the intestinal mesos were affected, 10%. There was special presence of grade III liver trauma, 16.7%, as well as small bowel trauma I - II, 13.3%. Hepatic Raffia was performed at 30%. Average hospital stay was 9.3 days; 63.6% of patients stayed less than 8 days.