Frecuencia de pie diabético y manejo antibiótico en pacientes ingresados al hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, período 2010- 2015

Abstract

ABSTRACT Background: It is estimated that a quarter of patients with diabetes mellitus suffer from some type of injury to their feet; ulcers cause 85% of amputations. The presence of diabetic foot is a serious health problem and has an impact on the patients' lifestyle (1-7). Objetive: To determine the frequency of diabetic foot and antibiotic management in patients admitted to the "José Carrasco Arteaga" Hospital in the period 2010-2015. Methodology: A descriptive and retrospective research was carried out. The universe was formed by 223 clinical records of patients admitted to the "José Carrasco Arteaga" Hospital from January 2010 to December 2015. The information was collected in forms, data were processed using the SPSS V.23 program. Results: Diabetic foot affects mostly people of ≥ 65 years of age (52.5%). 49.3% of the population had diabetes mellitus for less than 20 years. The average of glycosylated hemoglobin was 9.08% ± 2.14. Diabetic foot was more frequent in 2015 (29.6%). 80.7% had a short disease evolution time (<6 months). According to the Wagner Scale, 38.1% of cases suffer from Grade 4 diabetic foot. In 75.8% of the patients the lesion culture was positive; the most frequent microorganism was Staphylococcus aureus with 18.9%. The antibiotic most used was Clindamycin. 41.7% of the patients were submitted to amputation and in 34.1% of the cases there was recurrence of the disease. Conclusions: The frequency of diabetic foot has increased, the most affected are the elderly, Clindamycin is the most commonly used antibioti