Factores asociados a la realización de autoexamen de mama, en la población femenina de 20 a 60 años que acude al “Centro de Salud del Valle “, Cuenca, 2020-2021

Abstract

Background: Breast cancer represents the second most common neoplasm and is the fourth cause of death in women worldwide. At the national level, according to SOLCA in 2013 in Quito, 8 out of every 100 women between the ages of 25 and 64 die for this reason; In addition to this, breast cancer is frequently diagnosed in advanced stages, making its treatment and prognosis difficult. AEM is one of the most important and fundamental methods for the early diagnosis of breast cancer, but it is known that the female population does not perform it frequently due to different factors. General objective: To determine the factors associated with performing a breast self-examination in the female population between 20 and 60 years of age who attend the ¨El Valle Health Center¨, Cuenca, 2020-2021. Methodology: A study was carried out with a quantitative approach, descriptive design, cross-sectional, the universe was finite of 645 and the sample was of 216 women chosen randomly. As an instrument for data collection, a survey was used that determined the associated sociodemographic factors and a questionnaire that assessed knowledge about the AEM. After obtaining the data, these were transcribed and analyzed in the SPSS version 25.0 program. Results: 44% of women studied undergo the AEM and 56% do not, the age group from 20 to 29 years old predominated with a percentage of 41.6%, married in 43.1%, who completed only primary school in 43.5% , 88.9% belonging to the Catholic religion, housewife occupancy with 59.3%, 74.5% belonging to a rural area, with income less than 400 dollars with 53.7%. 9.7% of women have a family history of breast cancer and regarding knowledge, it was determined that 60.2% have a moderately accepted degree of knowledge. There is a relationship between the practice of AEM with age, education, occupation, residence and family history of breast cancer.