La economía ecológica como alternativa al modelo de desarrollo extractivista en comunidades del Azuay 2021

Abstract

In this research study the current economic model in seven rural areas of Azuay was the point of focus. The areas studied were the parishes of Shumiral, Cañaribamba and Cochapata; the townships of San Sebastián and Chaucha; and the water councils of Santa Marianita and Soldados. The purpose is to understand how extractive mining activities affect these areas and the development of economies that conserve ecological spaces. By carrying out a composite study with the goal of analyzing the potentialities of an alternative economic model in their territories, the intention is to recommend an Ecological Economics model. The design employed was a case study, prioritizing the qualitative aspects over the quantitative ones. The diagnostic of the quantitative study relied on a survey format which determined the problems and established the baseline in order to qualitatively apply it to five focal groups involving parishes and townships. The conclusion, following a discourse analysis of the data obtained, is that it is feasible to apply alternatives to the existing productive model. Likewise, Ecological Economics is a sustainable option for an economic refocusing with emphasis on State-driven mining activity. Respect for nature’s ecological spaces and biocentric consciousness for productive development entail adapting organic production in agriculture bearing in mind respect for the ecological frontier, improving distribution networks, selling markets and promoting organic agriculture. Likewise, ecotourism projects incentivize a community to endeavor, take on and promote this work for local development and ecological conservation.