Prevalencia del retraso en el desarrollo psicomotor y su relación con las necesidades básicas insatisfechas. Cuenca 2014

Abstract

Background: The psychomotor retardation is the delay in acquiring the specific skills at a child's age, early detection allows seek alternatives. Objective: To determine the prevalence of delayed psychomotor development and its relationship with unsatisfied basic needs. Methodology: Cross-sectional study determined the prevalence of delayed psychomotor development and related to physical characteristics of housing, basic services of housing, economic dependency on home, school attendance, state of overcrowding. We worked with 327 children between 2 and 60 months hospitalized at the Department of Pediatrics HVCM from February to July 2014, in which the test IMCI was applied to assess psychomotor development, age by interview needs determined unsatisfied basic. The risk was assessed by the prevalence ratio (PR) with confidence intervals and chi square. Results: The mean age was 22.62 months, 57.2% of the population were male, the prevalence of psychomotor retardation was 5.8%, while the unmet basic needs often presented as follows: conditions property: 7.6%; 19.6% unsatisfied basic services, economic dependency on home 18.7%, attendance at school 11% and 12.5% overcrowding. The risk for RDPM unsatisfied basic needs for all indicators was statistically significant (p <0.05) and prevalence ratios were: housing conditions: 4.3 (1.6 to 11); unsatisfied basic services 4.5 (1.9 to 10.7), household economic dependency 5.2 (2.2 to 12.1), absence from school 8.9 (3.9 to 20.6) and overcrowding of 5 (2.2 to 11.8). Conclusions: unsatisfied basic needs are directly related to delayed psychomotor development KEYWORDS: PSYCHOMOTOR DEVELOPMENT; BASIC NEEDS; HOUSING CONDITIONS; BASIC SERVICES; ECONOMIC HOME DEPENDENCY; SCHOOL ATTENDANCE; OVERCROWDING; CUENCA-ECUADOR.