Hipotermia y factores asociados en pacientes postquirúrgicos del Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, Azogues, periodo noviembre 2022- abril 2023

Abstract

Background: The hypothermia is a common problem in the immediate postoperative period. There is evidence that a drop of 1-3°C in the temperature of patients undergoing surgery is associated with different complications. Objectives: To analyze hypothermia and associated factors in post-surgical patients at the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital, Azogues, period November 2022 – April 2023. Methods: This is a retrospective study with a quantitative approach using a design cross-sectional analytical observational study with a sample of 119 patients; as a data collection technique, a form and axillary temperature taking were used. The information was processed using the SPSS program, the results were presented in simple and association tables. Results: Of a total of 119 people, 57% of patients presented hypothermia. Patients from 40 to 64 years old presented hypothermia in a 45% higher figure with respect to the classified age ranges, in addition the female sex prevailed with 61%. Regarding the associated factors, the type of surgery that occurred in the highest percentage was scheduled surgery with 68%, general anesthesia in 46% finally hypothermia occurred in a higher percentage with 59% in patients without and history pathological. Conclusions: The postoperative hypothermia was related to the variable type of anesthesia obtaining a greater association with general and regional anesthesia, on the other hand, the variables type of surgery and coexisting diseases did not present a statistically significant difference in our study.