Prevalencia de litiasis renal en pacientes de 18 a 60 años en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga diagnosticada mediante uro-tomografía simple en el periodo enero 2019 - enero 2021

Abstract

Background: Renal lithiasis is a frequent pathology of medical consultation. For its diagnosis, it is necessary to carry out imaging studies, such as a simple Uro-tomography, which allows the visualization, location and determination of the size of a kidney stone. Urinary tract stones are a very common disease among the adult population. It is estimated that between 10 and 12% of the population suffers from an episode of the disease throughout their lives.

General objective: To determine the prevalence of kidney stones diagnosed by simple Uro-tomography, through collecting data at the "José Carrasco Arteaga" Hospital in the period January 2019-January 2021.

Methodology: It was a retrospective, cross-sectional and descriptive method. Results: The investigation included a population of 1,578 patients, of which 741 (46.95%) presented positive kidney stones, while 837 (53.04%) did not present stones, all verified by performing simple Urotac. The prevalence of kidney stones was 67.07% in males and 32.92% in females. Regarding the distribution of proportions of the population with positive diagnoses of kidney stones according to the age group found in this study, the most prevalent are those of middle age between 31-50 years (68.54%). The highest prevalence of the type of stone was uric acid (62.21%). All types of stones were classified as hyper-dense.

Conclusion: The percentage of kidney stones detected in this study is similar to other studies in terms of sex and affected age group, but not in terms of the type of stone. Urotac presents a “sensitivity of 98% and specificity of 96-98%” (3).