Determinantes sociales en el autocuidado del adulto mayor que asiste al Centro de Salud N-13-Guayaquil 2022

Abstract

Background: the self-care of the elderly is developed within the framework of the social determinants that generate ways of life in the different aspects of their daily lives, these impact people's lives, identifying the forms of self-care in specific groups and their environment contributes to the knowledge of the concrete reality, to raise the quality of health and socioeconomic care by families, community and state institutions. Objective: to identify the social determinants in the self-care of the elderly. Methodology: it was of a quantitative, descriptive, field type; Two structured surveys were used: Socioeconomic Level Stratification and the Lawton and Brody Scale. We worked with a sample of 150 older adults. The data were tabulated through descriptive statistics, presented in frequency tables, and analyzed based on the study objectives. Results: the study group is mostly in the 60-69 age range, women have a 2:1 relationship with men; unemployment involves the majority, their socioeconomic condition is negatively affected, they do not have the necessary resources for daily sustenance; there is dependence on their relatives to carry out self-care activities, which generates feelings of guilt when considering themselves "a burden for others". Conclusions: the study group is located mostly in the "lower middle" socioeconomic scale, leading them to develop dependency, limiting their self-care capacity, which increases with the aging process that decreases their physical (strength, skills) and cognitive capacity.