Narrativas espaciales en torno a la migración: estudio de caso del cantón Pucará (2018-2023)

Abstract

Migration is a phenomenon inherent to human beings and is subject to the migration policies of the countries of transit and destination. In 2018, Mexico eliminated the visa requirement for Ecuadorian citizens, allowing the country to be used as a transit point to the United States. However, in 2021, due to migration waves and in response to pressure from the United States, Mexico decided to reintroduce the mandatory visa requirement. In this context, Pucará is a canton with a high rate of migrants whose main destination is the United States. For this reason, it will be analyzed how the spatial narratives of the inhabitants of the Pucará canton who seek to reach the United States have changed since Mexico established the visa as an essential requirement to enter its territory between the years 2018-2023. It is important to frame this research in these years, since Ecuadorians, in response to Mexico's immigration policies, have seen the need to look for other routes to reach the United States. For this study, bibliographic sources will be used to identify the migration policies of the transit and destination countries. Likewise, spatial narratives will be used to know the routes used between the years 2018-2023, with the information obtained geospatial representations will be made, which will allow identifying how the routes of migrants from the Pucará canton have changed in the intervals 2018-2021 (pre mandatory Mexican visa) and 2021-2023 (post mandatory Mexican visa).