Análisis comparativo de la concepción filosófica de justicia entre Lorenzo Peña y Robert Nozick

Abstract

In this article, we develop a comparative analysis of the philosophical conception of justice between Lorenzo Peña and Robert Nozick, highlightning the importance of the concept of justice for the philosophy, understanding that it is handle in a complex and multifaceted form and required a critical and deep reflection. Therefore, we present the arguments used by our authors regarding the role of justice in society and the State. For this reason, we refer to the primary and secondary sources of our authors, highlighting that, in the case of our main author, Lorenzo Peña, we conducted evolutionary research into his thought since 1989 with Flew on entitlements & Justice until his video Ecos del Azuay no35: Filosofía social y política (1a parte), (2023). Concerning Robert Nozick, we had taken his main work Anarchy, State and Utopia (1990). In this context, it is essential to understand on which arguments each author bases his conceptions of justice. On the one hand, Lorenzo Peña has a certain affinity with Communism, where an important role is given to the common good; Robert Nozick, in contrast, prefers Libertarianism, advocating individual rights and private property, i.e., a minimum status. Thus, after analyzing the basic arguments of each author, the main similarities and differences in their conceptions of justice will be identified.