DETERMINACIÓN DEL ÍNDICE HOMA-IR EN ESTUDIANTES DE LA CARRERA DE LABORATORIO CLÍNICO DE LA UNIVERSIDAD DE CUENCA SEPTIEMBRE - NOVIEMBRE 2025

Abstract

The Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR) index is a tool used to estimate insulin resistance through a calculation based on fasting glucose and insulin levels. This metabolic alteration has become increasingly frequent and is associated with the development of diseases such as type 2 diabetes mellitus. In Latin America, the estimated prevalence of insulin resistance reaches 46.5%. Among university students, factors such as physical inactivity, inadequate diet, and academic stress increase the risk of developing this condition, highlighting the importance of early detection.The aim of this study was to determine the HOMA-IR index in students of the Clinical Laboratory degree at the University of Cuenca during the period September–November 2025. A descriptive study was conducted among students enrolled between September 2025 and February 2026 who agreed to participate by signing an informed consent form. Fasting blood samples were collected to determine serum glucose and insulin levels and to calculate the HOMA-IR index. In addition, a survey was administered to collect personal and anthropometric data. Among the 128 students evaluated, 12.5% presented insulin resistance and 16.4% showed suspected insulin resistance according to the HOMA-IR index. The highest proportion of cases was observed in females and in the 18–20-year age group. A statistically significant association was found between the HOMA-IR index and sex, as well as academic semester, but not with age, body mass index, or family history. In conclusion, an important frequency of insulin resistance was identified, particularly among women.