Prevalencia de traumatismo craneoencefálico grave y factores asociados en adultos mayores en el centro de trauma del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Periodo 2014 – 2020

Abstract

BACKGROUND: The gradual decrease in the biological functions of the elderly predisposes them to a potential risk of suffering head injuries According to the epidemiological profile of the Ecuadorian elderly in 2006, showed that head injuries constituted the eighteenth cause of morbidity and mortality. GENERAL OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of severe head injury and associated factors in older adults of the Trauma Center of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital of the canton of Cuenca between the years 2014-2020. METHODOLOGY: retrospective cross-sectional analytical study, in 250 medical records of elderly patients, a data collection sheet was used which included all the variables a studied that were included in a statistical database. The data were analyzed and processed in the SPSS version 15 program and descriptive statistics were used as frequency and percentage, measures of central tendency as average and measures of dispersion as standard deviation. In addition, Odds ratio (OR) with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% and Chi square with its p-value for statistical significance less than 0.05 were used to search for statistical association. RESULTS: 250 medical records of older adults were studied, 55.2% were men, 42.8% were young older adults (65-74 years), 79.2% were residents of an urban area. The prevalence of severe TBI was 15.6%, the most prevalent factor associated with severe TBI was falls (14.0%), OR 36.823 (95% CI, 13.745-98.647), (p=0.001); followed by chronic diseases (11.2%) OR 2.063 (95% CI, 1.121–3.796) (p= 0.024). CONCLUSIONS: the prevalence of severe TBI was 15.6% and was mainly associated with falls and chronic diseases.