Evaluación de las propiedades de la fibra Typha para su implementación en paneles aislantes dentro de un caso estudio

Abstract

The search for sustainable alternatives for construction has led to the consideration of natural materials with low environmental impact, among them Typha latifolia, noted for its rapid growth and unique physical properties, such as its low thermal conductivity and high porosity. This plant, previously used in phytodepuration systems, has proven to be a promising resource for construction applications as a thermal insulator. The present work evaluates the viability of Typha for the manufacture of insulating panels, for which a binder based on polyvinyl acetate (PVA) was used, applying a pressure of 0.3 kg/cm2 during the creation of experimental specimens. The results of the tests carried out with this material highlight an average density of 0.1297 g/ml in dry state, thus confirming the insulating efficiency derived from its air chambers, and a thermal conductivity with an average of 0.052 W/m.K, which is adequate to reduce heat transfer. The technical analysis included absorption, density and resistance tests, complemented with thermal simulations that validated its performance in real conditions. Results confirm that Typha latifolia is a sustainable and efficient option, this material not only responds to current environmental challenges, but also promotes responsible construction practices, contributing to the mitigation of environmental impact.