Técnicas de evaluación de la actividad antiinflamatoria “in vitro” y su aplicabilidad a plantas medicinales

Abstract

Inflammatory diseases constitute an important public health problem, since they affect more than 80% of the world's population, which is why scientific interest has grown to discover and develop new therapeutic strategies of plant origin that are more effective and cause less adverse reactions. Because plants have traditionally been used for their medicinal properties and are important sources of molecules that may have anti-inflammatory pharmacological activity and taking into account that to initiate scientific research it is necessary to apply "in vitro" tests, the objective of this study was to analyze the available scientific literature on "in vitro" techniques that assess anti-inflammatory activity and its applicability in natural products, through a systematic review. The information search wasin original documents and articles in the databases of Pubmed, Scielo, Sciencedirect, Medline, Elsevier, and academic Google in English and Spanish, using keywords such as "anti-inflammatory activity", "in vitro", "Plant extracts", "medicinal plants" in addition, Boolean operators such as AND, and OR were used. The search equation was: ("anti-inflammatory activity" OR "antiinflammatory activity") AND ("in vitro"), it was used in each of the digital databases. A total of 1255 publications were retrieved in the initial search and by applying exclusion criteria and discarding duplicate articles, finally 100 articles were selected, of which the advantages and disadvantages of the applied technique, the medicinal plant or the extracts used were analyzed. and the identified metabolites, this information was summarized in tables that are described in the present work. According to this review, the techniques most found in the articles were the inhibition of NO production in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with lipopolysaccharides, followed by the erythrocyte membrane stabilization technique and the protein denaturation inhibition assay. On the other hand, all the analyzed plant extracts showed a certain degree of anti-inflammatoryactivity regardless of the applied technique