Prevalencia de microorganismos presentes en urocultivos positivos y su perfil de susceptibilidad en pacientes que acuden al Hospital Universitario del Río. Cuenca 2018

Abstract

INTRODUCTION. – Urinary tract infection (UTI) is the process of colonization of microorganisms that invade the sterile areas of the genitourinary device of the patient, affects not only pediatric populations but also adults. For its identification, there are several tests: EMO, Gram staining, urine culture, and antibiogram, the Gold Standard being the urine culture accompanied by the antibiogram. GENERAL OBJECTIVE. – Determine the prevalence of microorganisms present in positive urine cultures and their susceptibility profile in patients who attend at Río University Hospital. METHODOLOGY. – A retrospective cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out, whose universe consisted of 1.392, and the sample was propositional. The data was collected using a collection instrument (application form). Subsequently, the results were analyzed and tabulated through the statistical software IBM SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel 2016. RESULTS. – According to reports from the microbiology service during 2018, 28 % urine cultures were positive, of which the main microorganisms were: Escherichia coli 69.62 %, Enterococcus faecalis 3.03 % and within the Candida albicans 6.33 % fungi. 16.32 % of the Escherichia coli isolates were producers of extended-spectrum betalactamases and 31.75 % resistant to quinolones. 26.3 % of the positive reports corresponded to the female sex between 20 and 39 years. Concerning hospital service, a prevalence of 80 % in outpatients is evidenced. CONCLUSIONS. – Positive reports mainly affected women in 80.8 % of cases. The uropathogens most affected were Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp, and were found resistance markers: ESBL, KPC, AMPc, MRS, and resistance to quinolones.