Morbimortalidad de recién nacidos con patología quirúrgica gastrointestinal ingresados en el servicio de neonatología del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2015- 2020

Abstract

Background: congenital anomalies are associated with substantial neonatal morbidity and mortality. In this study, we focused on gastrointestinal malformations, which require immediate surgical attention, and whose mortality exceeds 50% compared to other abnormalities. General objective: determine the morbidity and mortality of newborns with gastrointestinal surgical pathology admitted to the neonatology service of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Cuenca. 2015- 2020. Methodology: a descriptive and cross-sectional study was carried out, 63 newborns with gastrointestinal surgical pathology participated. Data collection was performed by reviewing medical records, using a form. The data were tabulated in Excel and the variables were analyzed in the statistical software SPSS version 22. The integrity of the participants was protected using only clinical records. Results: the mortality rate was higher in 2020. Most live newborns had esophageal atresia; they were men, born full-term, with middle-aged mothers, from urban areas. Of the deceased, most had congenital diaphragmatic hernia, were children of mothers from rural areas, half died within 24 hours of birth, mainly septic shock.. Conclusions: the results of this study should not be considered as definitive, due to the omission of 23 clinical histories, despite this evidence a low mortality rate. It was also observed that they died mainly from septic shock, a cause of preventable mortality from the first level of care with the detection of maternal risk factors.