Validación de paneles aglomerados de hormigón, elaborados con el bagazo de la caña de azúcar, aplicables en la construcción prefabricada y su uso como estrategia bioclimática pasiva en Santa Isabel

Abstract

The canton of Santa Isabel, is located in the highland region of Azuay province with a hot humid climate zone according to (NEC-EE, 2017) which is ideal for sugar cane development, many local families use this plant to carry out their economic activity so it generates large bagasse waste. In addition, due to the climate, the social housing, built by MIDUVI, has problems of internal thermal comfort due to overheating. The purpose of this degree thesis is to provide a solution to the aforementioned problems via validating a proposal with a constructive system based on agglomerated concrete panels with sugar cane fiber, to obtain a low conductivity, environmentally friendly material that serves as a passive strategy for construction of housing in the study area. The applied method to validate the proposal is of an experimental nature, which consisted of elaborate said panels with different dosages, using fibre percentages of 1.5% and 2.5%, with respect to the fiber as coarse aggregate. Shortly after, compression and thermal conductivity (hot plate test) tests were carried out, the latter being a key test for energetic simulations at a thermal comfort and relative humidity level in both the traditional and proposed systems. After the tests the obtained results were compared. Simulations results showed that concrete panels with sugar cane bagasse fiber is a material that possess low thermal conductivity (0.304W/m2k), since on the hottest day it reduces the indoor temperature in 5°C (from 32.6°C to 27°C), bringing the house near the thermal comfort range of 18°C to 26°C according to (NEC, 2011). Therefore, the material can be used as a passive bioclimatic strategy in the study zone.