Genes de resistencia en bacterias productores de betalactamasa de espectro extendido en aislados clínicos del Hospital del Río, Cuenca 2023

Abstract

Background: Extended-spectrum beta-lactamases are plasmid-borne enzymes that inhibit the action of antibiotics. Among the antimicrobial resistence genes to which this resistence is attributed are blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M. The blaCTX-M. The latter it one of the most important causes of resistance in Enterobacterales. Objetivos: To characterize the extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing resistance genes in clinical Enterobacterales isolates taken from the Hospital del Río, Cuenca 2023. Métodos: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. The universe comprised the ESBL- producing Enterobacterales strains isolates at Hospital del Río in 2023. Information was collected using data registration froms and analyzed Microsoft Excel 2013 and IBM SPSS V22. Results: From January to June 2023, Enterobacterales 50 strains were isolated, in which E. coli prevailed showing 37 (80%) in urine samples, Salmonella complex represented with 1 (2 %) and Klebsiella aerogenes, 1 (2 %), also in urine samples. The gene found was blaCTX-M, which represents 14 (28%) of all of Escherichia coli, in addition, the presence of blaCTX-M + blaSHV+ blaTEM was detected, featuring 1 (2 %) in Escherichia coli and 2 (4 %) in Klebsiella pneumoniae, mainly in urine. Conclusions: The predominant gene responsible for ESBL production continues to be blaCTX-M, which in this study represents 28 % of all of Escherichia coli, while genes blaCTX-M1 + blaSHV+ blaTEM, 2 % of Escherichia coli and 4 % in Klebsiella pneumoniae.