Determinación del potencial de autoabastecimiento energético de la piscina olímpica de la FDA a través de la implementación de energía solar térmica y fotovoltaica, analizando las implicaciones arquitectónicas-constructivas

Abstract

The large-scale use of polluting energy sources with high levels of toxic waste has generated a radical change in the environment, giving rise to the global problem of climate change. In Latin America, the use of fossil fuels and energy sources is considered non-renewable predominates. To reduce emissions and curb climate change, it is essential to use renewable energies with low environmental impact, such as photovoltaic and solar thermal technologies. This study analyzes the energy supply of the Olympic swimming pool of the Bolivariano sports complex in the city of Cuenca through the implementation of photovoltaic and solar thermal technology on the roof, as well as the architectural and constructive implications through photo-montages. The Olympic pool enclosure consists of 3 pools: the Olympic pool, the diving pool, and the children’s pool, currently heated by boilers that consume bunker fuel. The pool contains 3,522 m³ of water and requires 28,695.70 kW of thermal energy to heat the entire volume of water. The energy supply is analyzed in two situations: when the initial heating takes place in one day and when it takes place in three days. In the first case (heating in one day), the solar thermal technology supplies up to 28%, the water temperature is raised by approximately 1.68 °C. In the second case (three days), it supplies up to 67% which is equivalent to raising the temperature by approximately 4 °C. Photovoltaic technology can supply up to 32% equivalent to 1.9 °C in the first case, and up to 76% in the second case, the water can be heated by 4.5 °C. The architectural and constructive analysis reveals that both technologies may superimpose after modulation and reorganization of the light inlets of the pool cover. Based on the results, the photovoltaic technology turned out to be the most efficient and offers better application prospects, since the energy surplus can be supplied to the public grid or used in the electrical demand of other areas of the Bolivarian sports complex.