Rasgos de personalidad y ansiedad en mujeres con obesidad en el Programa de Cirugía Bariátrica del Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social de Cuenca en el periodo 2019-2020

Abstract

Obesity is a disease of multifactorial etiology, it is related to environmental and genetic factors as well as sociocultural and psychological factors, the latter have not been studied in the same way as the factors of medical aspects (García & Creus, 2016). The problem with this disease is that it is essentially treated from the medical side and psychological considerations are excluded, which is an error if we review that, in the first consultation for overweight and obesity, many of the patients spontaneously express expressions in which allude to the term anxiety as a cause of excessive food intake (Tapia, 2006). In addition to this, it is worth mentioning that over the years it has been believed that there are certain personality traits that predispose, favor or determine this disease (Guzmán, Del Castillo & García, 2010). The objective of the investigation was to determine the relationship that exists between personality traits, sociodemographic variables (age, level of education, occupation, marital status, number of children and age from which obesity is present) with the degree of anxiety that presented by the women who participate in the Bariatric Surgery program of the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security of Cuenca. The research has a quantitative approach, non-experimental type of design, correlational scope, the participants were 37 women belonging to the aforementioned Program. The results showed that there is a significant correlation between personality traits, from the 16PF5 questionnaire, apprehension, tension, and the anxiety dimension with the Hamilton anxiety assessment, in addition to a positive correlation between the age of diagnosis of the disorder and the presence of anxiety. In conclusion, we can say that there are certain predominant personality traits in the group of participants with characteristics such as concrete thinking, resistance to change, distant and emotionally changing; thus, the later the diagnosis of obesity is, the greater the level of anxiety they present