Frecuencia de ambliopía en alumnos de 6 a 8 años de la Unidad Educativa Hermano Miguel La Salle. Cuenca - Ecuador 2016

Abstract

Background: Amblyopia is the lack of visual acuity consolidation, and it is consecutive to the presence of inadequate stimuli, which if it is untreated, it could continue into adulthood. A prevalence of 2%-7% of schoolchildren is estimated. (1) (2) (3) (4) Objective: to determine the frequency and characteristics of amblyopia in 6 to 8 aged children belonging to Unidad Educativa Hermano Miguel "La Salle". Methodology: descriptive, conducted on 263 students from 6 to 8 years of school Hermano Miguel "La Salle". The data were processed in the SPSS 22.0 software, and are presented in simple tables. Results: 13.3% of students had decreased visual acuity, with a predominance of bilateral involvement (9.5%). The frequency of amblyopia was 5.3% and all of anisometropic etiology; the largest number of diagnosed cases was in the group of 6 years (50%). Additionally, the female gender was the most affected with 7.04%, and the moderate severity degree was the most frequent with 71.43%. Conclusions: The frequency of amblyopia is similar to other studies outside the country (1) (2) (3) (4), but less than the average prescribed by WHO for Latin America (5). In fact, the most common occurs in women and in 6-year-old children. Moreover, the moderate degree was the most frequent in both eyes with 71.43%, and all cases were anisometropic etiology