Frecuencia de diferimiento en donantes del banco de sangre de la Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana Junta Provincial del Azuay, enero - diciembre 2018

Abstract

Background: Blood donation is a voluntary and altruistic action. Not all people can be considered to donate, since a number of requirements must be met. Only staff trained in the Transfusion Medicine branch can make the selection of donors, determining whether applicants are fit, temporarily or permanently deferred. General Objective: Determinate the frequency of deferral in donors to the Blood Bank of the Ecuadorian Red Cross Provincial Board of Azuay, in 2018. Methodology: Descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out with the profiles of interviews with 4 676 applicants to donors to the Banco de Sangre de la Cruz Roja Ecuatoriana del Azuay, 2018. The information was processed with SPSS version 20, using frequencies and percentages for the categorized qualitative and quantitative variables. Evaluate the relation between acceptance or difference with sociodemographic variables, the Chi squarestatistic (X2) and Odds ratio (OR) were used. Results: Most of the studies subjects were voluntary donate, female, under 40 years of age and lived in urban areas. They were mainly voluntary donors 71.9% of the cases were accepted as donors. The main cause of deferral was to have Risk Behavior (26.8%), followed by suffering Anemia (18.5%), it having some respiratory or gastrointestinal disease (10.60%), others causes of deferral like paid donation, weak-looking donors, donors decompensated during donation (9.37) and Pharmacological Treatment or Previous Surgeries (8.5%). Of the deferrals, anemia is only one that occurs permanently and the rest temporarily. Conclusions: The frequency of deferral was 28.1% with a temporary deferral predominance (97.50%). Sociodemographic variables aga and sex show significant relation with the difference. When indicating its predominance in the female sex and people under 40 years old.