Prevalencia y factores de riesgo para ictus isquémico en pacientes que ingresaron al servicio de clínica del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, periodo enero 2015 – agosto 2020

Abstract

Background. Stroke is the second cause of death worldwide causing deterioration of the motor and cognitive system reflected in hemiplegia or quadriplegia, which causes instability in the physiological and mental health of the patient and family members; in addition it represent a high cost to the health system in terms of rehabilitation after a stroke event. Objectives. To determine the prevalence and risk factors for the development of ischemic stroke in patients admitted to the clinic service of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital from January 2015 to August 2020.

Methods: A retrospective study with a quantitative approach was carried out using a cross- sectional analytical observational design at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, using a form with sociodemographic data and pathological history. The information was processed using the SSPSv15 program, and the results were presented in simple tables of percentages.

Results: The prevalence for ischemic stroke was 31.9% in 2017 being the highest rate unlike 2020 has decreased significantly with 8%, it was more frequent in people > 65 years (59.7%), 52.5% women, 65.9%. As background 56.7% had HT and 98.9% were not taking treatment.

Conclusions: The age group to suffer stroke corresponds to the female sex since a chi2 of 1.7 was determined, also in relation to the condition unemployment yielded a chi2 of 1.13, thus representing a risk factor. Finally, statistically significant values were found in relation to age > 65 years (p-value 0.04) and not having treatment for HT (p-value 0.001) because it is associated with ischemic stroke.